How does nuclear bomb works ??

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Approximately 73 years ago, humans witnessed the limits to which any human can go for his/her satisfaction.On august 6, 1945 , Japan suffered a great loss done by United States by dropping one of the most destructive weapon of its time Nuclear bomb. 
But what is so special about any nuclear bomb?? Everyone says that it is very destructive and can destroy anything ,but question is HOW ?? How a bomb can cause this much destruction??

 Let us know it here in this blog. This blog will be little bit scientific so i will try to keep it simple and we will understand basics by leaving the complications. 

 Let us start with its principle
Atomic bombs work on the principle of fission.To understand this firstly know about atoms. Atom is a positive mass consists of proton and neutron in center with negatively charged electrons revolving around it. As you go up the ladder to atoms their mass , number of protons, neutrons and electrons increases and they become complex.
Scientists found that during fission or fusion of atoms great amount of energy is released.

  • Fusion:- It means combining of lighter(smaller) atoms to make a big atom.
  • Fission:-It means break down of heavier atoms into lighter ones.


 Nuclear bomb is based on fission.

 Scientists were having two possibilities for preparation of atomic bomb then why they choose fission ?? Its because scientists found that heavy atoms like Uranium was having instability between its number of protons and neutrons and they tends to attain stability by losing there mass in form of radiation. That's why we call these atoms as radioactive.

 By seeing their natural tendency to breakdown, scientist choose fission for nuclear bomb in which a nucleus with a high speed was strikes to uranium  and it breaks down into lighter atoms with release of tremendous energy.  

 But now the next challenge was to generate the energy in small amount of time like in form of a burst  so that it can create a big destruction. So they decided to use chain reactions within the bomb so that great amount of energy can release.

 For the design of bomb they used sphere like chamber separated into two halves.Both of the halves were active uranium atom ready to explode.
And when these bombs were thrown from planes on land the two halves between these bombs strike together at a great speed and explodes within the millionth of a second and cause to much destruction.

  Only 1 pound of uranium can produce energy equals to energy produced by 1,400 tons of coal or 9,50,000 liter of gasoline.

 The Little Boy atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima on August 6, 1945, exploded with an energy of about 15 kilotons of TNT (63 TJ), and the Fat Man atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki on August 9, 1945, exploded with an energy of about 20 kilotons of TNT (84 TJ).
In which the number of deaths are as:-

1.Hiroshima:
  • 20.000 soldiers killed
  • 70,000-126,000 civilians killed
2.Nagasaki:
  • 39,000-80,000 killed
Total:129,000-226,000+ killed

According to me , this was the most shameful act which any nation can perform in the name of war and United States has never apologized to Japan for this shameful act.
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